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How do Particle Counters Work?

Every week or so I speak with a customer who asks this question.

Laser particle counters work on the principal of light scattering or light blocking. The air enters through an isokinetic sampling probe and through a chamber inside of the particle counter. A Laser beem illuminates the particles and light is redirected or absorbed. Light that comes in contact with particle is scattered in specific directions in relation to the original direction has a unique signature which relates to the size of the particle and allows the particle counter to determine the size and quantity of individual particles.

Diagram of the inner-workings of a particle counter

There are five components that make up a laser particle counter:
1. A Laser or High Intensity Light Source
2. Reflector
3. Electronic Photo Detectors

4. Vacuum Pump

5. Digital Counting Electronics

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